Psychopharmacogenetics
Autor: Philip Gorwood , Michel D. Hamon
Número de Páginas: 572Adult and child psychiatric disorders, including mood disorders, psychosis, substance abuse, and dementia, represent a large source of disability in the general population. The urgency to develop new treatments that may have better efficacy and tolerance is explained by the fact that none of the treatments currently available can be considered completely satisfying. Several reasons underlie this relative failure, such as, for example, (1) lack of knowledge of the mechanisms involved, (2) heterogeneity of most psychiatric disorders (that have good inter-rater validity but weak relationship with specific neurobiological mechanisms), (3) variable tolerance that leads to poor compliance, and (4) insufficient prediction for a specific treated patient of the efficacy, side effects, and outcome associated with the prescribed treatments. Furthermore, from an economical point of view, psychiatric disorders are now the most expensive disorders to treat. The costs associated with mental illnesses, which constitute a significant percentage of the total direct health care costs, are currently estimated above $100 billion (USD), representing $1,605 per person per year in the U.S. (9% of the...